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What are the key ecological roles played by Zygnematales, a group of filamentous green algae, in freshwater ecosystems?

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Zygnematales are filamentous green algae that play crucial ecological roles in freshwater ecosystems. As primary producers, they convert sunlight into energy through photosynthesis, forming the base of the food web. This process also releases oxygen into the water, essential for the survival of aquatic organisms.

Furthermore, Zygnematales contribute to nutrient cycling by absorbing nutrients like nitrates and phosphates from the water. Their decomposition releases these nutrients back into the ecosystem, making them available for other organisms. Some species of Zygnematales can also form symbiotic relationships with fungi, contributing to the formation of lichens, which play a role in soil formation and nutrient cycling on land.

Overall, Zygnematales are essential components of freshwater ecosystems, contributing to primary production, oxygenation, nutrient cycling, and even terrestrial ecosystems through their role in lichen formation.

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